Cultural Oppression Essay Example for Free

Social Oppression Essay Both African Americans and Asian Americans have endured racial segregation, subjugation, oppression, trouble in getting citizenship despite the fact that their kids were conceived in the United States and difficulties in showing their social personality. They encountered trouble in grouping themselves as absolutely American in light of their outward appearance. Also, they generally will in general feel offended that white Americans will consistently pass judgment on them by generalizations, not by what they truly are. African Americans have endured double cognizance in the United States, continually attempting to get social and financial correspondence, both as a Negro and an American. Albeit political uniformity has been conceded to African Americans, they despite everything endured imbalance as far as accomplishing social and monetary riches. The impacts of social mistreatment on African Americans have put them at high likelihood of enduring proceeded with impediments to accomplish cultural strengthening and confirmation. In any case, the extravagance of African societies that place significance on aggregate way of life has helped African Americans to be acknowledged in the United States. Asian Americans were forced to figure out how they could acclimatize themselves into various social society in the nation. The social persecution endured by Asian Americans has helped them to build up their own locale with the end goal for them to become independent. The effect of the Eastern methods of reasoning, Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism, on Asian culture has helped families to turn out to be in a fatherly way arranged and progressive. The remarkable motivation behind why a few Asians tend to keep away from discussion and conversation or to seem hesitant is a result of these ways of thinking that show them standards of concordance, equalization and harmony. This Asian culture has given them to act in a positive manner and to become familiar with the significance of having self-information about how others act towards them. Reference Information on Specific Cultural Groups. Recovered April 17, 2009, from http://training. byu. edu/assorted variety/culture. html.

Nolo (Irregular Latin Verb) Definition and Use

Nolo (Irregular Latin Verb) Definition and Use Nolo, nolle, nolui - to wish not to Nolo is a significant action word on the grounds that the basic is utilized to frame negative orders. To state dont in Latin, you utilize the basic of nolo. Characteristic PresentSingular1 - nolo2 - non vis3 - non vultPlural1 - nolimus2 - non vultis3 - noluntIndicative ImperfectSingular1 - nolebam2 - nolebas3 - nolebatPlural1 - nolebamus2 - nolebatis3 - nolebantIndicative FutureSingular1 - nolam2 - noles3 - noletPlural1 - nolemus2 - noletis3 - nolent Basic PresentSg. 2. noliPl. 2. noliteFutureSg. 2. furthermore, 3. nolitoPl. 2. nolitotePl. 3. nolinto Subjunctive Present Singular1 - nolim2 - nolis3 - nolitPlural1 - nolimus2 - nolitis3 - nolint Subjunctive Imperfect Singular1 - nollem2 - nolles3 - nolletPlural1 - nollemus2 - nolletis3 - nollent Infinitive Present nolleParticiple Present nollens, entis Malo and Nolo depend on Volo: malo magis volo and nolo non/ne volo Sporadic Latin Verbs Eo - to goFio - to becomeVolo - to wishnolo, nolle, nolui to be reluctant and malo, malle, malui to incline toward are similar.Sum - to beDo - to giveFero - to carryEdo - to eat

The Plays the Thing

The Plays the Thing In Hamlet, there is the line that goes something like The plays the thing wherein we can get the still, small voice of the ruler. On the off chance that you do your best, playwriting can be what gains you some additional cash as a consultant. There is an immense interest for suitable plays for the center school and secondary school markets. The explanation is straightforward. Many individuals have wound up in a position as I completed quite a while back when I was coordinating plays. I just couldnt discover something reasonable for the assets I had, so I composed my own. Afterward, I questioned a distributer in case it may acknowledge independent entries. The one I questioned did. Brooklyn Publishers acknowledged one of my plays and requested more.â Since that first play, I have distributed seven plays with this organization. The one thing about playwriting is that on the off chance that you build up a notoriety for being an author who can convey what schools need, you can ride that equation to playwriting achievement. What I needed was straightforward enough: simple comedies, basic sets, and adaptable throws inclining intensely to progressively female parts. Presently, two times per year I get sovereignty checks. In the event that you might want to take advantage of this market, I would make three proposals: In the first place, take a gander at distributer sites. Brooklyn Publishers is www.brookpub.com. Look at what they distribute; read the depictions and request a few plays to peruse. Do a quest for paying magazines that pay for plays. I am aware of at any rate two that acknowledge entries: Dramatics and Plays. Second, go to exhibitions. Im talking secondary school and school show exhibitions. Even better, engage in network dramatization. Third, get familiar with a portion of the intricate details of playwriting. There are at any rate two free internet playwriting courses you can beware of. MIT has an open course product playwriting course and dramatist Johnathan Dorf has on online course called Playwriting 101. You can google these and go right to them. http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/music-and-theater-expressions/21m-604-playwriting-1-spring-2005/index.htm playwriting101.com What are you hanging tight for? Window ornaments Up!â Lets play.

Leadership Mid Term :: Free Essay Writer

Administration Mid Term Midterm Examination The most significant thing in a gathering is to take care of business. Numerous things can help or block the gatherings generally speaking efficiency. There are three things all gatherings must be aware of, bunch improvement, bunch think and administration groups. Every one of these zones decide climate a gathering will do or die, while finishing the assignment. The first and most significant is bunch advancement. Gathering advancement is something that each gathering must experience. It is effortlessly clarified by utilizing Cog’s Ladder of gathering advancement, five phases of gathering improvement: Polite, for what reason were here, offered for power, useful, and Esprit. These stages plot the way that all gatherings experience to frame their personality. The manner in which your gathering creates can regularly decide your activities and your near status among the other gathering individuals. (notes) The primary stage is POLITE this happens when you are first positioned into a gathering, everybody is attempting to stay away from struggle. All individuals in this stage simply need to be loved and feel acknowledged in the gathering. The following stage is WHY WERE HERE when the gathering really investigates the assignment before them. Individuals a by and large pleasant to one another - a period of investigation. Third is the BID FOR POWER Cliques fight people in the endeavor to force their thoughts on the remainder of the gathering. This is a period of much disarray among bunch individuals as they attempt to discover who is the best individual to take orders from. The following stage is the CONSTRUCTIVE stage. In this phase there is a tremendous mentality change and individuals start to surrender their requirement for force and begin focusing on their objective. Now there are many offered arrangements by all gathering individuals. The last stage is Esprit here there is a great dea l of high good and gathering dedication. In this stage the gathering is tight, they have over looked individual contrasts, totally concentrating on the undertaking. A pariah now has the capability of obliterating the all around created gathering. (notes) While shaping a gathering it is essential to incorporate everybody directly off the bat. Accepting great contribution from everybody is critical to amass improvement. Everybody in the gathering must regard and coexist with different individuals so as to give significant advancement. Mindless compliance is a snare that all gatherings must endeavor to maintain a strategic distance from.

Person Health and Well Being

Question: Talk about the enthusiastic, mental, and conduct reactions that Mary is probably going to understanding about her finding. Answer: Presentation Presently, bosom malignant growth is among the universes most dangerous maladies all the more so when it isn't analyzed in the beginning times. Inside the most recent decade, it has asserted a few lives. Bosom malignant growth influences the bosom tissues, and if not treated early, the malady murders. Generally, it influences senior ladies yet on somewhere in the range of barely any events, young ladies might be influenced by the condition (Holick et al. 2008). Mary who is hitched to an officer is determined to have bosom malignant growth. Like some other individual, being determined to have such hazardous malady, she will undoubtedly encounter passionate, intellectual and social reactions. Be that as it may, it is imperative to comprehend the hazard factors for bosom malignancy and the preventive components. Hazard Factors for Breast Cancer There are some inclining factors for bosom malignancy. Among them will be them is simply being ladies. Bosom malignancy influences just ladies, and in this way any lady is in danger of being influenced by the ailment (Yang et al. 2011). Another significant hazard factor is age. As the age expands, the danger of bosom malignant growth subsequently increments. Family ancestry is likewise another hazard factor. Ladies with family members previously determined to have disease are at a higher danger of bosom malignant growth. Hereditary qualities likewise goes about as a hazard factor. It is thought to contribute somewhere in the range of 5% and 10% of the bosom malignancy cases. Other hazard factors incorporate weight, absence of routine activities, presentation to radiations, eating undesirable nourishments and introduction to synthetic substances in beautifying agents. Preventive Factors for Breast Cancer A few variables can help in forestalling the danger of bosom malignant growth. One of them is staying away from introduction to radiations and compound substances that may cause malignant growth. Childbearing likewise is believed to be the most grounded preventive measures against bosom malignancy. The higher the quantity of youngsters a lady bears, the higher the anticipation of the ailment she manufactures (Lappe et al. 2007). Additionally, childbearing and breastfeeding help in lessening the improvement of bosom malignant growth. Ladies who breastfeed their children for over a year forestall the event of bosom malignant growth by an extraordinary degree. Lappe et al. (2007) contend that Vitamin D and calcium supplements lessen dangers of bosom disease. Additionally, practice assumes a key job in forestalling the improvement of malignant growth. Ladies who practice routinely are least influenced by bosom malignancy. After the analysis and the way that Mary is distant from everyone else at home, she will react to the appalling news. Her reaction will both influence her feelings, psychological state and conduct. Accordingly, this paper targets talking about her reactions under the three primary subjects. Emotionally supportive network now and again helps a patient reacts to bosom malignancy conclusion. In the event that she has appropriate help from her nearby family members like their spouses, the passionate response probably won't be extreme. For the instance of Mary, she is distant from everyone else with her two twins. Clearly, she got the pitiful news with stun and incredulity. Having as a primary concern that her twins are as yet youthful, the circumstance is troubling for her. She is may her had an inclination that her life has reached a normal conclusion. Indeed, even before she gets the outcomes from the pathologist, hanging tight for the obscure biopsy results raises uneasiness (Ferlay et al. 2010). At that point come the declaration of the outcomes. This is the period loaded with trouble stirred up with uneasiness, stun, outrage and even on occasion sadness. Before Mary acclimates to the truth that in reality she is determined to have bosom disease, she lives in a conditio n of steady pity. What follows is diminished enthusiasm for a few things that in ordinary event used to interests her. For example, if sitting in front of the TV programs has been her preferred she will select to remain away. Unhappiness will persevere all over. Misery will proceed to influencing her way of life. Rest will turn into an incredible issue for her. She will begin encountering a condition of diligent a sleeping disorder (Page et al. 2008). Enthusiastic responses are typically undesirable and may add to other medical issues. Mary may begin to squander away so quick because of steady pressure, which prompts absence of rest and absence of hunger. Feelings are hurtful. They bring about fractiousness and fretfulness. Despite the fact that she will deal with the condition, later on, she would have endured a great deal through enthusiastic torments. Mary likewise depicts some subjective reaction to the determination. Psychological reactions to the outcomes are clear in the manner her psychological state works. Such news will in general influence how an individual thinks, process data, and hold data. She begins acting strangely. Malignant growth is generally connected with Post Traumatic disarranges (PTSD) and Post Traumatic Stress Symptoms (Mehnert, Koch, 2007). At the point when trouble, despondency and nervousness expands, it brings about dangerous injury. Such injury will in general meddle with the working of the cerebrum. It results from the way that individuals determined to have such sickness including Mary think just as their life is finishing. Losing life in such a state brings outrageous dread and tension (Cardenal et al. 2008). In contrast to some other ailment, disease patients encounters coerce, the sentiment of loss of control overpowers them, disarrays and misery fills their life for the most part when the sickness gets interminable. Mary like some other malignant growth tolerant will undoubtedly encounter comparative impacts. In this manner as a malignant growth quiet encountering PTSD, Mary will endure a ton of intellectual issues. She will have a major test in concentrating, mental bewilderment, loss of memory, the issue in comprehension and trouble in thinking and making a judgment. Aside from enthusiastic reactions and subjective reaction that Mary endures after the analysis, she will undoubtedly depict some conduct changes. Her conduct will out of nowhere become eccentric. One of the most obvious social reactions is the emotional episodes (Watson, Kissane 2011). Her states of mind will change whenever. At one second she is cheerful and the following she is tragic and miserable. About emotional episodes, Mary may likewise experience the ill effects of serious outrage that as a rule make her cry wildly. Considering bosom disease as one of the life ending sickness, cause such indignation provoking her to sob bountifully. In most exceedingly terrible situations, Mary may begin acting nonsensical. It is improved by the sentiment of realizing that her life is in harm's way and she starts to act in a caring less way. Notwithstanding that, she may likewise depict hostile to social conduct (Bower, 2008). She will barely connect with others and invest the vast majority of the energy in her own. Consequently, bosom disease conclusion seriously influences Marys conduct prompting outrageous changes in her character. She turns out to be less acquainted and gets unengaged in a few things. Thusly, after the finding, Mary encounters a few impacts throughout her life. She hence reacts to them in three different ways. One sort of reaction is perceptible in her feelings. This happens quickly she gets the outcomes. She feels stunned, discouraged, restless and dreadful. Moreover, Mary endures intellectual issues, and she begins having issues with her memory like trouble in concentrating, thinking and making decisions (Testa et al. 2013). Ultimately, her conduct is influenced. She starts encountering emotional episodes, being against social and having unreasonable practices. References Lappe, J. M., Travers-Gustafson, D., Davies, K. M., Recker, R. R., Heaney, R. P. (2007). Nutrient D and calcium supplementation decrease malignant growth chance: aftereffects of a randomized preliminary. The American diary of clinical nourishment, 85(6), 1586-1591. Yang, X. R., Chang-Claude, J., Goode, E. L., Couch, F. J., Nevanlinna, H., Milne, R. L., ... Fasching, P. A. (2011). Relationship of bosom disease hazard factors with tumor subtypes: a pooled examination from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium considers. Diary of the National Cancer Institute, 103(3), 250-263. Holick, N., Newcomb, A., Trentham-Dietz, An., Ernstoff, L., Bersch, A. J., Stampfer, M. J., ... Willett, W. C. (2008). Physical movement and endurance after conclusion of intrusive bosom malignant growth. Malignant growth Epidemiology and Prevention Biomarkers, 17(2), 379-386. Ferlay, J., Hry, C., Autier, P., Sankaranarayanan, R. (2010). Worldwide weight of bosom malignant growth. In Breast Cancer the study of disease transmission (pp. 1-19). Springer New York. Page, A. E., Adler, N. E. (Eds.). (2008). Malignant growth care for the whole patient: meeting psychosocial wellbeing needs. National Academies Press. Mehnert, A., Koch, U. (2007). Pervasiveness of intense and post?traumatic stress issue and comorbid mental disarranges in bosom malignancy patients during essential disease care: an imminent report. Psycho?Oncology, 16(3), 181-188. Cardenal, V., Ortiz-Tallo, M., Fras, I. M., Lozano, J. M. (2008). Life stressors, enthusiastic evasion and bosom malignant growth. The Spanish diary of brain research, 11(02), 522-530. Watson, M., Kissane, D. W. (Eds.). (2011). Handbook of psychotherapy in malignant growth care. John Wiley Sons. Testa, A., Giannuzzi, R., Daini, S., Bernardini, L., Petrongolo, L., Gentiloni Silveri, N. (2013). Mental crises (part III): mental manifestations coming about because of natural ailments. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol , 17(Suppl 1), 86-99. Thicket, J. E. (2008). Social indications in patients with bosom disease and survivors. Diary of Clinical Oncology, 26(5), 768-777.

composition and media fruitful interplay Richmond Writing

composition and media fruitful interplay Richmond Writing A useful assignment for writing classes, especially when studying creative nonfiction, is to assign a reading of Ned Zemans 2004 Vanity Fair article The Man Who Loved Grizzlies a day or more before a viewing of Werner Herzogs 2005 documentary Grizzly Man   inspired by Zemans article. Not only does the grisly tale grab student attention and spark engaged debate, each text offers a trove of interesting compositional choices that can enhance student understanding of narrative and the various media by which it travels. Students take notes on their impressions as they read Zemans article and attempt to describe the image of Treadwell that is conveyed before they view Herzogs film. As we review the article, students notice graphic layout, the clever beginning, the range of evidence, and the variety of specific detail and skillful description. By the time we view Herzogs film, students have a loose framework for comparison that sharpens their eyes and ears for detail. Follow up discussion builds upon these observations and moves to include closer examination of each medium, narrative choices, documentary approaches and directorial/authorial intrusion, as when Herzog denies viewers a hearing of the audio evidence yet positions himself within the frame, back to the camera, listening to it with headphones. Though the film is about the wild, technology is foregrounded in Treadwells 100+ hours of video footage where we can see the profound impact of a technology that is a kind of portable audience or at least a promise of one. Students can pursue focused research papers inspired by the film, or write critical analyses of each narrative, noting the specifics of how each achieves its unique effect or they can delve into drafting an argument essay about the environmental issues raised in the film, or the concept of authorship, or the the various limitations of each medium for this particular story. Whether we call the documentary an adaptation or not, the interplay of message and media is a fertile space for intellectual exploration and the development of thinking through close reading and significant writing.

The Tragic Dimension of Moby Dick The Specksynder - Literature Essay Samples

Chapter 33 of Herman Melville’s novel Moby Dick, titled â€Å"The Specksynder,† is another of those non-narrative interstitial chapters that serves to give fits to many first-time readers, but that, like the others, contains within it a symbolic and metaphorical dimension without which a comprehensive understanding of the tragic depth of the character of Capt. Ahab is impossible (Spanos 1995, p. 192). Furthermore, without fully understanding the extent of Ishmael’s perspective of Ahab, it is impossible to grasp the full significance of the political dynamic at work in the construction of the novel’s narrative. In this chapter, Ishmael takes a break from the narrative drive to offer a digression on the governing hierarchy aboard a whaler, but beneath the surface of this deceptively extraneous meditation exists an insightful rumination on the dangerous waters of political power grasped by Ahab through which the crew of Pequod must navigate. The non-narr ative chapters exist to provide a framework that enlarges the more profound implications of the narrative drive in order to transform the story proper from mere drama into the realm of tragedy. â€Å"The Specksynder† in particular is intended to generate a sense of proportion to Ahab that the novel stripped of these chapters would not be capable of providing. The Specksynder commences this undertaking of investing gravitas through correlative demonstration. Ishmael informs his readers about the history of the specksynder, which was the title given to the chief harpooner. The specksynder was more than that, however; he was an officer on the same level as the captain, at least in relation to the whaling aspects of the expedition. Over the years the specksynder lost his elite privilege and position to become merely the chief harpooner, entitled to none of his previous authority. The office of specksynder is not one associated with Ishmael’s contemporary whaling exp erience during and is in fact a very archaic piece of maritime history. The question becomes, then, why does Ishmael include this information in his narrative and what is the significance to his story? By itself the specksynder chapter would appear to exist in a vacuum; it only achieves its intended resonance through its metaphorical attachment to Captain Ahab and his acquisition of authority aboard the Pequod. At all times it is vitally important to remember that Ahab assumed power aboard his ship through democratic means and the purpose of the voyage is a capitalist one, not the monomaniacal one to which Ahab subscribes and eventually is successful in imprinting upon the crew. Ishmael’s cogitation about the specksynder’s equality of influence only takes on meaning when directly applied to Ahab’s grasp for greater power than he is originally supplied by the financial backers of the expedition. The implication of the lessening investment of authority in th e specksynder and his diluted role aboard whaling ships carries with it the concept that Ahab must be seen as absolute authority on the Pequod and that there not even be the suggestion that a division of power exists on that ship. While it may be true that once upon a time whaling vessels essentially were managed through a bipartite commission of control, Ahab must viewed as informing himself with ultimate and unquestioned authority which is eventually recognized by the crew. When Ishmael writes of the sultanism of Ahab’s brain he is implicitly drawing a connection between the loss of the legalized custom of power afforded the specksynder and the investment of the same into Ahab not as a result of official establishment of dominance, but rather through acquisition by force of will (144). The correlation between a dictator and a whaling ship captain is not immediate; it is, in fact, entirely artificial. Ahab is not lord and master by virtue of a natural assumption, but is rather invested with appointed leadership closer to that of a Cabinet-level secretaryship than a despot. Ishmael’s conveyance of the specksynder’s role and its loss in stature is therefore directly inspired by the usurpation of powers beyond his grant by Ahab. The ultimate point of the chapter is not made until the short final paragraph in which Ishmael makes explicit the link between the archaic topic of the chapter and its full meaning. Ishmael writes that â€Å"Ahab, my Captain, still moves before me in all his Nantucket grimness and shagginess; and in this episode touching Emperors and Kings, I must not conceal that I have only to do with a poor old whale-hunter like him† (145). The connection between emperors and kings and specksynders and ship captains lies in the reality that kings and emperors are automatically empowered with despotic authority regardless of their intellectual inferiority to their subjects. Shakespeare and the great tragedians of the past could automatically infuse their writing with the requisite elements of tragedy by writing about kings and emperors, but Ishmael admits that he has no such luxury when attempting to place Ahab into the role of tragic figure. The role of the chapter on the history of the specksynder therefore exists to extend Ahab’s dominance. He comes to be seen as invested with not only the traditional power of ship’s captain, but also that formerly given to the specksynder, yet at the same time is shown to have the intellectual superiority over his crew that is enough to gain their confidence and loyalty to the point where they give in to his own monomaniacal coup d’etat. The most frequent complaint from many readers of Moby-Dick is the interstitial chapters intrude upon the narrative drive of the plot while very often appearing to be pointless digressions, but â€Å"The Specksynder† contains a direct allusion to just how incredibly vital these digressio ns really are in the construction of a simple whaling captain as a profoundly tragic figure. Ishmael asserts that â€Å"Nor would the tragic dramatist who would depict mortal indomitableness in its fullest sweep and direct swing, ever forget a hint, incidentally so important in his art, as the one now alluded to† (145). What may appear to be an exceptionally unnecessary chapter containing information without which an understanding of the story of Pequod could exist is revealed to be an elemental addition to the foundation of Ahab’s growth into a genuine figure of tragedy. Only by investing Ahab with the kind of all-encompassing power awarded kings and emperors simply through accident of birth can Ahab achieve the profound heights that lend him the necessary gravitas to bequeath to him the right to be called a tragic figure. BibliographyMELVILLE, H. 1952. Moby-Dick, or the whale. New York: Hendricks House. SPANOS W. V. 1995. The Errant art of moby-dick: the canon, the cold war, and the struggle for american studies. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.

Plato s Theory Of Form - 1111 Words

Plato coined the term â€Å"Socratic questioning† to encourage the open discussion of philosophical theory for the purpose of improving said theory. Aristotle took advantage of the practice of Socratic questioning to inquire about Plato’s theory of Form and its explanation of causality in comparison to Aristotle’s own theories of causality and being. Aristotle criticizes Plato’s theory of Form because it only accounted for a one-dimensional explanation of what things are made up of and what identifies them. Aristotle offers his own explanations of causality and being through his four causes and his categories of being in an attempt to rectify Plato’s perceived failures. In Metaphysics 1.3 and 1.6 Aristotle criticizes Plato’s theory of forms, specifically his accounts of causality. In order to understand why Aristotle disagrees so wholeheartedly with Plato’s theories it is important to understand Aristotle’s own theories on causality. Aristotle claimed that there were four causes that explain what something is, what made it exist, and why it exists. The first is the material form which accounts for the materials a thing is made of, next is the efficient form which is the force that pushes the thing into existence, the third is the formal form which is the essence or function of the thing in question, and the last is the final form which is the purpose for which the thing in question exists. In the example of a house the material form is the wood, concrete, and insulation thatShow MoreRelatedPlato s Theory Of Forms Essay1427 Words   |  6 Pages Plato was a standout amongst the most innovative and persuasive masterminds in Weste rn philosophy, his impact all through the historical backdrop of philosophy has been monumental. Born around 428 B.C, he researched an extensive variety of topics; however, his Theory of Forms, found in The Republic, is an essential piece of Plato s philosophy. This is the center thought behind Plato s theory of forms, from this thought he moves towards clarifying his universe of forms or ideas. While tryingRead MorePlato s Theory Of Forms1629 Words   |  7 Pagesfew philosophical theories are as essential as the theory of Forms. This is besides the fact that it is generally overlooked in many of Plato’s writings even though it lays the foundations to many other theories of his. The Republic is where the theory is first mentioned, followed by discussion in Phaedo and criticized in Parmenides and Timaeus thereafter. (These works will be further discussed later throughout the essay.) Plato’s theory of Forms, (sometimes referred to as the theory of Ideas) statesRead MorePlato s Theory Of The Forms1704 Words   |  7 Pages Plato’s Theory of the Forms Travis Meyer PHI 1090 Introduction to Philosophy 12/16/2015 Plato was a Greek philosopher, mathematician, and theologian who lived from 424 BC to 348 BC in Athens, Greece. 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However, Socrates and his dialectical method of inquiry, which was to question and answer everything to show ignorance, soon captivated Plato. Socrates spent most of his time in the streets and marketplace of Athens, approaching people like the sophist and other powerful leadersRead MoreA Life Sketch of Plato and His Works905 Words   |  4 PagesGreek philosophers, Plato must remain the best known of all the Greeks. The original name of this Athenian aristocrat was Aristiclis, but in his school days he received the nickname Platon (meaning broad) because of his broad shoulders. Plato was born in Athens, Greece to one of the oldest and most distinguished families in the city. He lived with his mother, Perictione, and his father, Ariston (Until Ariston died.) Born in an aristocratic and rich family, Plato s childhood was indulgedRead MoreExplain the Criticisms of Platos Theory of the Forms.1584 Words   |  7 PagesPlatos theory of forms, also called his theory of ideas, states that there is another world, separate from the material world that we live in called the eternal world of forms. This world, to Plato, is more real than the one we live in. His theory is shown in his Allegory of the Cave (from The Republic, Book VII), where the prisoners only live in what they think is a real world, but really it is a shadow of reality. According to Plato, to the prisoners in the allegory and to humanity in the material

Contemporary Issues in Criminal Justice - 1817 Words

The United States Criminal Justice System is a fundmental part to society that focuses on protecting citizens in the United States Constiution as well as ensuring each individual is law adbiding law and not commiting serious acts of crimes. Each law was put in state and federal statues to ensure it continues and as time has changed some of the laws have not changed. In present day, the criminal justice system faces comptemporary issues as well as trends that not only affect today but in the future and how important each member of society hold a significant value to the criminal justice system. For many decades the criminal justice system has endured many issues and problems that are currently questioning exactly how fair United States†¦show more content†¦The death penalty has many advantages and disadvantages and the criminal justice system is constantly fighting the battle to keep it alive and well. Prison overcrowding is another contemporary issue that is currently affecting the criminal justice throughout the United States. Society is aware of the consequences involving committing a crime, however for offenses that are considered non-violent and the offender who has not been in trouble with the law in the past faces severe punishment such as a violent offender. Drug offenses is one crime that caused correctional facilities population to skyrocket and instead of finding the best alternative for punishment prisons face an unkinown number of crimes within the facilities. In the State of Oklahoma, approximately 26, 539 offenders are incarcerated in priosn whereas probation has a population of 21,085(American Legislative Exchange Council,2014). Statewide Harm Reduction Coalition(n.d.) states,† Prior to the current prohibition era the U.S. Prison population was a quarter of what it is today. But 30 years ago the â€Å"War on Drugs† was launched. Before that the priso n population had been level for over 5 decades. 70 to 75% of people in prison are drug war prisoners. Drug use, arrest and incarceration rates along with data on sentenceShow MoreRelatedContemporary Issues in Criminal Justice1832 Words   |  8 Pageshave been an ongoing struggle for women in policing and it continues in today. I will be discussing this issue and will assess its past, present and future implications as they relate to the Criminal Justice System. I will be discussing my assessment of the past history and present circumstances of woman in policing. I will also include my predictions and recommendation of how these issues should be addressed by the police and prosecutor in the future. Implications Dating back to the 1970s sexismRead MoreContemporary Cultural Diversity Issues in Criminal Justice Essays1019 Words   |  5 Pagesnotice the wide variety of cultures that with the years have come to share this land with Americans. With the increase of diversity in the country, comes a wide variety of issues facing all sectors. In the criminal justice sector we see issues such as racial profiling, discrimination amongst others. In this paper the issues of excessive force against minorities and discrimination will be discuss with examples from recent years that have made the news. On the morning of December 19, 2007Read MoreCriminal Justice Trends Evnaluatio1253 Words   |  6 PagesCriminal Justice Trends Evaluation 1 Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation December 10, 2012 CJA/394 Troy Hokanson Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation 2 Introduction The criminal justice system is very important to American society. The reason for laws are to defend society from harm, makeRead MoreCriminal Justice Trends Evaluation1530 Words   |  7 PagesCriminal Justice Trends Evaluation University of Phoenix Contemporary Issues and Future in Criminal Justice People in society continuously change therefore people continue to evolve as our perceptions change. In this paper the student will assess the past, present, and future trends in the interface between elements of the criminal justice system. In the assessment the student will evaluate the criminal justice connections with surrounding society. The student will identifyRead MoreCriminal Justice1385 Words   |  6 PagesCriminal Justice Trends Criminal justice Criminal Justice Trends Criminal justice field is growing every day. It grows with the help of technology and society. When the technology evolves and society grows the criminal justice has to evolve and grow to fit the society needs. Whether it is an easy or hard change the criminal justice system never fails us. With any state the criminal justice system is to protect and serve the community so the more it evolves the more the system has to. The followingRead MoreThe Royal Commission Into Aboriginal Deaths955 Words   |  4 PagesTorres Strait Islander people in the Criminal Justice system and provided detailed analysis of underlying factors. The reports findings were believed to be the foundation of change. However, regardless of a range of policy changes and crime prevention programs in repose to the report, over representation in the criminal justice system remains. The issue is one of the most significant social justice and public policy issue in the contemporary Australian criminal justice system. T he RCIADIC made 339 recommendationsRead MoreExplore the reasons why victim participation creates tension and conflict in the contemporary criminal justice system.1374 Words   |  6 PagesLiterature Review Explore the reasons why victim participation creates tension and conflict in the contemporary criminal justice system. Introduction The purpose of this literature review is to explore the impact of victim statements in the contemporary criminal justice system and observe how it can create tension and conflict in the courtroom between the victim, and the courts process itself. There are two pieces of literature used as the focal point of this review, they are; Tracey Booth’sRead MoreThe Criminal Justice System1700 Words   |  7 PagesIn order for the Criminal Justice System to effectively deter crime, it is imperative to understand what causes crime, understand why crime exists and why offenders engage in criminal behaviour. In the 18th century criminologists such as Jeremy Bentham, Cesare Bonesana-Beccaria and Cesare Lombroso all established criminological theories, in an attempt to achieve this goal. The most influential theories are known as the Classical and Positivist perspectives. Both of these theories have had a long-termRead MoreThe Impact Of New Technology On Criminal Justice System1458 Words   |  6 PagesTechnologies on Criminal Justice and Corrections Our criminal justice system is very important to society. The reason for having laws is to defend society from harm, and to ensure that each person is kept safe, as well as to receive fair treatment. The criminal justice system works to defend the innocent and to punish the guilty without risking denial of an individual’s basic human rights. The past, present and future trends involved in the interface between components of the criminal justice systemRead MoreCriminal Justice Trends Evaluation1581 Words   |  7 Pages394 WEEK 1 Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation John Doe CJA 394 October 01, 2001 Jane Doedy Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation The criminal justice system is forever adjusting to protect and serve a changing society. The paper evaluates, identifies and assesses recent future and current trends affecting the criminal justice system. Lastly, it defines the values of the system in a changing society. Recent trends affecting the criminal justice system are

Communication Is The Most Effective Form Of Business...

In a work environment communication is major factor. There are two forms of communication: oral communication and written communication. Oral Communication is the process of verbally transmitting to give and exchange information to another person (or people). Oral communication can be formal or informal. Formal types of oral communication are business lectures, presentations at business meetings, commencement speeches. Informal types of oral communication are discussions that take place in a business meeting, telephone conversations or face-to-face conversations. Oral communication has adapted along with technology allowing teleconferences, video chat. Most work places had adapted to using video conferences and teleconferences using a network to reach any and all stakeholders in any location. Written communication is the most important communication in a workplace. Written communication involves any type of message that makes use of the written word. Written communication is also th e most effective form of business communication. Examples of written communication in a workplace include: email, letters, proposals, contracts, brochures and advertisement, internet websites, faxes, newsletters. When communicating in a workplace understanding who your audience is can help determine the tools and forms and information you use and give to communicate. First understanding the subject and what your audience knows and needs to know can help you communicate appropriately. YourShow MoreRelatedCommunication Is The Most Effective Form Of Business Communication949 Words   |  4 Pagesenvironment communication is major factor. There are two forms of communication: oral communication and written communication. Oral Communication is the process of verbally transmitting to give and exchange information to another person (or people). Oral communication can be formal or informal. Formal types of oral communication are business lectures, presentations at business meetings, commencement speeches. Informal types of oral communication are discussions that take place in a business meeting,Read MoreOrganizational Communication Essay1188 Words   |  5 Pagesslogan of global village, communicat ion has become a burning issue. The world has turned into a global village, and one cannot survive alone. As man is a social animal, he cannot overcome worldly activities alone. For the fulfillment of daily activities and usual deeds, he needs help from other people and have to communicate with others. Infect, in habitual life everyone spend a lot of time in communicating i.e. writing, reading, talking and listening. People spent most of their time in communicatingRead MoreIndustrial and Organizational Psychology1680 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION Effective Communication is significant for managers in the organizations so as to perform the basic functions of management, i.e., Planning, Organizing, Leading and Controlling. Communication helps managers to perform their jobs and responsibilities. Communication serves as a foundation for planning. All the essential information must be communicated to the managers who in-turn must communicate the plans so as to implement them. Organizing also requires effective communication with othersRead MoreIndustrial and Organizational Psychology1680 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION Effective Communication is significant for managers in the organizations so as to perform the basic functions of management, i.e., Planning, Organizing, Leading and Controlling. Communication helps managers to perform their jobs and responsibilities. Communication serves as a foundation for planning. All the essential information must be communicated to the managers who in-turn must communicate the plans so as to implement them. Organizing also requires effective communication with othersRead MoreCommunication Process1412 Words   |  6 PagesCommunication can best be summarized as the transmission of a message from a sender to a receiver in an understandable manner. The importance of effective communication is immeasurable in the world of business and in personal life. From a business perspective, effective communication is an absolute must, because it commonly accounts for the difference between success and failure or profit and loss. It has become clear that effective business co mmunication is critical to the successful operation ofRead MoreThe Importance Of Nonverbal Communication1056 Words   |  5 PagesCommunication has been described as a flow of information between two parties principally between a source and a receiver. Communication is a any behavioral approach that can come in the verbal, nonverbal or graphic form that is sent by one and receive by another. Communication demonstrates our ability to interact and influence others in a useful way. Successful people are not only proficient in their own fields but also communication oriented and possessed a quality to demonstrate professional behaviorRead MoreEffective Communication For A Managerial Level1587 Words   |  7 PagesIt is critical to develop communication on a managerial level and to know your target audience; in addition, to determine the appropriate style and format of communicating with the audience. According to the business dictionary, the meaning of effective communication is A two way information sharing process which involves one party sending a message that is easily understood by the receiving party. Effective communication by business managers facilitates information sharing between company employeesRead MoreEssay about Business Communication: What is Communication1502 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Business communication is abound in todays society. The ability to communicate has always had its advantages, with its rich history, and traditions, modern business communication is valued as a modern day concept. Business executives rate the ability of business communication skills as among the personal factors necessary in gaining a job. As stated by Hynes (2005)† effective business communication is the key to planning, leading, organizing, and controlling the resources of the organizationsRead MoreEfficient Business Communications in Companies Today Means Full Use of Social Media and Modern Technologies1411 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Communication is one of the most important factors in any organization or relationship. It is â€Å"the process of people sharing thoughts, ideas, information and feelings with each other in commonly understandable ways† (Hamilton, 2011, p. 3). When you can communicate properly in a business then it runs smoothly without communicational mistakes and misinterpretation. The main purpose of efficient business communications is to generate a positive, reliable and consistent reputation withRead MoreProfessional Communication1467 Words   |  6 PagesContents Page * Introduction 1 * Basic Communication 1 * Classification of Communication 1 * Objectives and purposes of Communications 1 * Scope of Communication in any functional Organization 2 * Different mediums of Communication 2 * Modes of Communication 2 * Barriers to Communication 3 * Principles of Effective Communication 3 * Business Correspondence Letters 3 * Enquiries, Quotations, Complaints

Bernie Sanders The Longest Serving Independent Essay

#11 Denisse Felix English 1A Monday/ Wednesday September 26, 2016 Bernie Sanders for President Bernie Sanders is the longest serving independent in the United States congressional history. Bernie Sanders was born on September 8, 1941 in Brooklyn. He first attended Brooklyn College and transferred to the University of Chicago, graduating in 1964. While he was a student, he was active in civil rights. Bernie Sanders has also written books, such as Outsider in the White House and Bernie Sanders for President and the Communist Manifesto. He is currently a Democrat, as well as a self-described socialist. He was also a presidential candidate for the 2016 election. Bernie Sanders is a fit candidate due to his ethical lifestyle, his emotional connection with people and his political experience. Bernie Sanders’ suitable ethical lifestyles makes him an adequate presidential candidate. In the article, The Moral Vision of Bernie Sanders, Schulson states, â€Å"... Sanders has been frank about his lack of interest in formal expression of piety.† (Michael Schulson). The word piety is defined as the quality of being religious or reverent. By this statement, we can infer Bernie is capable of separating religion from state. He would not let religion affect his decision making, which is beneficial. The quote Bernie Sanders who calls himself a not particularly religious Jew... (Peter Weber) also explains Sanders being capable of not basing his choices on religion. Also, manyShow MoreRelatedBernie Sanders : The Longest Serving Independent Essay1122 Words   |  5 PagesMonday/ Wednesday September 26, 2016 Bernie Sanders for President Bernie Sanders is the longest serving independent in the United States congressional history. Bernie Sanders was born on September 8, 1941 in Brooklyn. He first attended Brooklyn College and transferred to the University of Chicago, graduating in 1964. While he was a student, he was active in civil rights. Bernie Sanders has also written books, such as Outsider in the White House and Bernie Sanders for President and the Communist ManifestoRead MoreWho Is Bernie Sanders?882 Words   |  4 Pagesvoice to equate? Bernie Sanders was born September 8th, 1974 in Brooklyn New York City, NY. Sanders, indisputably has the most unusual history of anyone in the U.S. Congress. He is the longest serving independent in U.S. congressional history and the only candidate who is not working with Super P.A.C s having decided on primarily soliciting small private contributions. He became U.S senator of Vermont in 2006 and was reelected by capturing almost 71% of the popular vote. Bernie Sanders is a vi able candidateRead MoreBernie Sanders Political Language Essay1402 Words   |  6 PagesBernie Sanders Political Language Essay Bernard â€Å"Bernie† Sanders was a Democratic candidate for the 2016 Presidential elections of the United States. He is now serving his second term as the junior United States Senator from Vermont since 2007. Sanders is the longest-serving independent in the U.S. congressional history, having served 16 years as Vermont’s sole congressman in the House of Representatives. Bernie was born on September 8, 1941, in Brooklyn, New York City. He was an active civil rightsRead MoreMillennials Are Feeling The Bern872 Words   |  4 PagesMillennials are feeling the Bern â€Å"Of the 30,000 young Democrats participating in the caucuses, there was overwhelming support for Sanders...† Who is Bernie and why is he winning majority of the young voters hearts and votes? Bernard Sanders also knowns as Bernie Sanders was born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1941. Mr. Sanders graduated from James Madison high school in Brooklyn and spent one year at Brooklyn College. He then transferred to the University of Chicago, he graduated from there in 1964Read MoreBernie Sanders, A Political And Economic Theory Of Social Organization1703 Words   |  7 PagesOf a handful of democrats and over a dozen republicans, there is one man, Bernie Sanders, who titles himself as a democratic socialist. When people hear â€Å"socialist.† they often run in the other direction, probably because they don’t fully understand what that entails. The official definition of socialism is, â€Å"a political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole.† A primaryRead MoreBernard, The American Politician And The Junior United States Essay2030 Words   |  9 PagesBernard Bernie Sanders (born September 8, 1941) is an American politician and the junior United States Senator from Vermont. He is a candidate for the Democratic nomination for President of the United States in the 2016 election. A Democrat as of 2015,[2] Sanders had been the longest-serving independent in U.S. congressional history, though his caucusing with the Democrats entitled him to committee assignments and at times gave Democrats a majority. Sanders became the ranking minority member onRead MoreExpanding And Improving The Healthcare System1238 Words   |  5 Pagesmany will have been exposed to the general points of the system previously in addition to having an open outlook on its performance impacting individual care. As the longest serving independe nt member of Congress in American history, you have a strong background and potential to utilize in this campaign (About - Senator Bernie Sanders). Maintain and use the momentum in the Democratic Party to capture the hearts of voters in as many groups as possible while allowing them to familiarize with your faceRead MorePolitical Parties Are Helpful, Or Even Healthy1692 Words   |  7 Pageswith. About one fourth of U.S. voters as of today are not identified with either of the two major political parties. That means there has been about a fifty percent increase over the past ten years, more and more voters are choosing to register as independent. Last November 9.6 million Americans voted for third-party presidential candidates, but despite public support for more political alternatives, these new, minor parties have achieved only a very small existence. With all the bad that surrounds theRead MoreThe Tension Between Liberty And Equality2115 Words   |  9 Pagespresidential hopefu l Senator Bernie Sanders. Though, obviously, Sanders did not win the national primary election and ultimately did not become the Democratic candidate for president, his campaign remains to be incredibly impressive—according to the polls, about 39% of people voted for Sanders in the Democratic Presidential Nomination (Huffpost). Though 39% is not a majority of the American electorate, what makes this figure meaningful is the historic increase in the support for the Sanders campaign and justRead MoreThe Jewish Faith And Culture1922 Words   |  8 Pages For the 2016 presidential election, a Jewish man, Bernie Sanders, a New York senator, ran as a democratic presidential candidate. He gained much notoriety for his forward thinking and support to all types of people. According to an online biography from Biography.com, â€Å"Senator Bernie Sanders is America’s longest-serving independent politician in Congress and sought the Democratic nomination for president in 2016â⠂¬  (Biography.com, 2017). Sanders is a prime example of a Jewish America in politics.

Understanding Nutrition Free Essays

Al-Quds University Body Fluid Lab. Report Chemical Examination of Urine Prepared By : Lucia Principles Benedict’s Test for Reducing Sugars Urinary sugars when boiled in Benedict’s reagent reduce copper  sulphate  to a reddish cuprous oxide precipitate in hot alkaline medium, the intensity of which is proportional to the amount of sugar present in the urine. The results are reported as 1+,2+, etc. We will write a custom essay sample on Understanding Nutrition or any similar topic only for you Order Now depending upon the  colour  and intensity of the cuprous oxide precipitate. turbidimetric method protein in urine Quantitative Tests for 24-Hour Specimens. Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) test. The addition of TCA to a urine specimen precipitates the protein in a fine suspension that is quantified spectrophotometrically at 420 nm (nanometers) by comparison with a similarly treated standard. Heat and acetic acid method Heat test: Based on the principle of heat coagulation and precipitation of proteins. If any turbidity appears, add 2 drops of 33% acetic acid. (Acidification is necessary because in alkaline medium heating may precipitate phosphates). If the precipitate is due to proteins, it will increase on acidification and if it is due to phosphates, it will dissolve again. Sulphosalicylic  acid method Urine Protein Sulfosalicylic Acid Precipitation Test (SSA) Principle: Three percent (3%) Sulfosalicylic Acid (SSA reagent) is added to a small and equal volume of clear urine. The acidification causes precipitation of protein in the sample (seen as increasing turbidity), which is subjectively graded as trace,1+, 2+, 3+ or 4+. Bence Jones protein Bence Jones reaction involves heating urine to 140 °F (60 °C). At this temperature, the Bence Jones proteins will clump. The clumping disappears if the urine is further heated to boiling and reappears when the urine is cooled. Other clumping procedures using salts, acids, and other chemicals are also used to detect these proteins. These types of test will reveal whether or not Bence Jones proteins are present, but not how much is present. Hemosiderin Hemosiderin stain is used to indicate the presence of iron storage granules called hemosiderin  by microscopic examination of urine sediment. Granules of hemosiderin stain blue when potassium ferrocyanide is added to the sample. The Prussian blue stain may also be used to identify siderocytes (iron-containing red blood cells [RBCs]) in peripheral blood. The presence of siderocytes in circulating RBCs is abnormal. Urobilinogen This test is based on a modified Ehrlich reaction in which p-diethylaminobenzaldehyde reacts with urobilinogen in a strongly acid medium. Colors range from light pink to bright magenta. Results * Benedict’s Test result for cup # G3 : 4+ Brown color appear. * Turbidimetric method result for cup of 24-hrs urine: Tube| Absorbance| Test+test-blank| 0. 058| Standard+water blank| 0. 010| Calculation : Total protein (mg/dl)=At/Ast ? conc. St 0. 058/0. 010 ? 100=580 mg/dl Total protien(mg/24 hrs) =urine protein (mg/dl)? urine volume(ml)/100 = 580? 2000/100)=11600 mg /dl Normal values :0-150 mg/24 hrs * Heat and acetic acid method and Sulphosalicylic  acid method for cup # P4: 4+ precipitation appeared. * Bence Jones protein for cup # P4 : Clear after 15 min of boiling so negative for Bence Jones protein. * Hemosiderin results :Few Hemosiderin granules was seen under Microscope * Urobilinogen result for cup # G 3:Negative result (no appearance of red color). Interpretation Benedict’s Test for Reducing Sugars Normal urine does not contain any reducing sugar. If protein is present in large amounts, it may interfere with the precipitation of the cuprous oxide. To overcome this problem, precipitate the proteins using 3% SSA filter using a  Whatman  filter paper and use the filtrate to test the amount of sugar present. As a quality control measure, standards containing known amounts of glucose are prepared in saturated benzoic acid and one of the standards is used every day to check the reliability of the patient’s results. The standard results may be transformed in the following semi-quantitative way. turbidimetric method protein in urine For turbidimetric methods, there were no apparent problems of comparative bias between human albumin and serum-based materials and urines used in this study. Perhaps this was because all materials were diluted in 9 g/L saline: turbidimetric methods generally suffer from failure of standards and samples to form precipitates identically,and precipitation may not occur at low protein concentrations in urines of high ionic strength. Heat and acetic acid method This test is sensitive enough to detect protein down to a concentration of 2-3 mg%. If  an alkaline  urine is boiled, the protein may be converted into the so- called â€Å"alkaline  metaprotein†, which is not coagulated by heat. Therefore it is always better to acidify the urine before doing this test. If too much acetic acid is added, the protein may be converted to the so-called â€Å"acid  metaprotein†, which is also not coagulated by heat. Therefore the urine should be only mildly acidic. Sulphosalicylic  acid method The  sulphosalicylic  acid method will not detect protein in  a normal  urine, but will be sensitive enough to detect protein present down to 20mg%. As a quality control measure, a 22g/dl albumin solution can be diluted appropriately with 0. 9 g/dl sodium chloride to get standards containing 20, 50, 200, 500 and 2500 mg/dl proteins. These standards are stable for one month when stored at 2-80C. Bence Jones protein Monoclonal light chain proteinuria (Bence Jones proteinuria) is seen in patients with light chain myeloma, in approximately 50% of those with IgG and IgA myeloma, and in some patients with other lymphoproliferative disorders (eg, macroglobulinaemia) and plasma cell dyscrasias (amyloid). Entire paraprotein molecules may also be detected in serum. Urine protein dipsticks do not detect Bence-Jones protein. Hemosiderin Hemosiderin is present in diseases involving a true siderosis of kidney parenchyma (hemochromatosis). It is also present 2-3 days after an acute hemolytic episode that produces hemoglobinemia and hemoglobinuria. Hemosiderin granules are found in intact renal tubular epithelial cells or occasionally in casts and may also be seen extracellularly. Urobilinogen Interpretation of results will depend upon several factors: the variability of color perception; the presence or absence of inhibitory factors; the presence or absence of inhibitory factors typically found in urine, the specific gravity or the pH; and the lighting conditions under which the product is used. How to cite Understanding Nutrition, Essay examples

The Anschluss free essay sample

This paper explains how Hitlers annexation of Austria was beneficial to Germany during World War II. This paper explains how the Anschluss, or the annexation of Austria to Germany, was one of the most important events in World War II. The author believes that had Hitler not taken over Austria, he would not have been able to gain as much power and domination over Europe as Austria provided the Nazis with land, people and natural resources. Annotated bibliography. Austrias land was a major advantage to the Nazis. Though the country is not enormous in size, its 83,858 kilometers gave Hitler land that he did not have before.(Steeb 1999, pg 2) The country, about the size of Maine made up for Germanys insignificant amount of land. The two countries together could make a much bigger empire then if they were not joined. With more land, the Nazis could take more power over Europe and expand out to other countries as well. We will write a custom essay sample on The Anschluss or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page

Business Model Canvas of Starbucks For Innovation

Question: Discuss about the Business Model Canvas Model of Starbucks for Innovation. Answer: Introduction Business Model Canvas is used by organizations for building strategy and as a tool for entrepreneurship. It helps describing, challenging, designing, and inventing a companys business model. It is a start up template that helps developing new businesses and documenting the existing business models. Alexander Osterwalder initially proposed this model in his book Business Model Ontology. The following is the template of business model canvas. Starbucks is a coffee chain and is one of among the leading companies in US and around the world. It was found in the year 1971. The company was primarily involved in only selling coffee and coffee machines. However, currently it engages purchasing the whole coffee beans, roasting them and selling them all around the world (Forbes, 2016). BMC as a tool for Innovation at Starbucks The model encompasses the building blocks or activities in its descriptions. Osterwalders work (2010) had proposed that the activities based on similarities could be placed in a single model of reference, within a wide range of business conceptualization. This business model helps in easy description of the business and its strategy (Osterwalder, 2004). The following are the building blocks of Starbucks strategy of business model. Infrastructure Key activities: Every Starbucks store was designed to highlight all quality aspects to its customers. The images, music, surfaces and the coffee at the store is based on the customer satisfaction to create a sense of brand loyalty. Their major or key activities are: coffee beans, seasonal products, complementary products and pastry. Key resources: The key resource functions are Starbucks are its functions in the organization which include financing, human resources, facilities, coffee equipment and accessories and their suppliers. Partner Network: Increasing the business operations and reducing risks in a business calls for a buyer-supplier relationships. The partners of Starbucks are Alsea, Apple, KFC, Pizza Hut and Burger King. Offering Value Propositions: It is the total offerings that a company provides to meet the needs of a customer. The value proposition of a company is what it distinguishes from its competitors. The value proposition of Starbucks over its competitors is based on brand strategy comprising of three components. They are live coffee, service (customer intimacy) and atmosphere (Jacobsen, 2013). Customers Customer Segments: Starbucks focused on the young urban adults i.e. the educated and high-income group as their customer segments. Channels: The major distribution channels of Starbucks include coffee shops, wholesale and direct sales. The various channels where Starbucks gets distributed are special coffees, supermarkets, hotels and airlines. Customer Relationships: Various forms of customer relationships at Starbucks are customer care website, Starbucks card, app (iTunes), fast service, personal attention and quality. Finances Cost Structure: The monetary consequences of a business model are represented here. It is cost driven and value driven. The cost structure of Starbucks includes ingredients, merchandise, equipment, and salaries, building rent, store maintenance and freight. Revenue Streams: It represents the manner in which a company makes revenue from each customer segment. The revenue structure of Starbucks includes coffee, pastry, parcel, merchandise, and partnership. Strategies of Business Model Canvas The business model canvas also includes four different types of strategies that a company could adapt to increase their offerings to customers than its competitors. They are: Long Tailed Bundled Open Innovation Freemium Starbucks could involve these strategies into its BMC to enhance its productivity and increase its brand image. Long Tailed: Under this strategy of BMC the concept relates to selling fewer products with a large number of volumes. The offer made is to niche markets and the customer segments are the large breadth of this offering. Starbucks adapts to this strategy as seasonal model, wherein they introduce beverages that are seasonal in nature. These are introduced on festive lines and those, which cater to a niche market, as favorite holiday beverage (Kline, 2015). Usually introduced during Christmas makes it as a most awaited beverage for its customers. Bundled: Under this strategy of BMC is the manner in which the products are bundled together with a pricing strategy that enables in customers buying more products at one go. Starbucks had introduced an offering of bundled products with pricing techniques. They introduced a value offering breakfast combos, which included a tall cup of coffee and sandwich or a latte and coffee cake or oatmeal. Such offering is aimed at price sensitive customers, who feel that are offered many products at a bundled pricing. Therefore they would purchase more than they would actually do. Open Innovation: This is a strategy under the business model that assumes that a company should make use of external and internal ideas and paths towards market to advance their technology and also share the reward. The open innovation adapted by Starbucks was- My Starbucks Idea through crowdsourcing. They became the first company to adopt as a social media engagement. Under this strategy the company could benefit by following: Getting ideas from customers about how to improve their products and services. Interaction between each other, ability to vote and also comment on this platform. Validation of idea of making payment through mobile devices etc. Freemium: This strategy of business model states that a product f service is offered for free. Customers could get upgraded by paying a little extra for getting an access into expanded area. Starbucks follows Freemium model by Offering their customers an access to their Wi-Fi. Free Access to read premium content like Wall Street Journal through Starbucks Digital Network (Starbucks Company Website). Conclusion A business model canvas of Starbucks described the way it has been designed and implemented for effective business structure. Starbucks business model is an example of how innovation helps in sustaining and beating competition around the globe. References List Osterwalder, Alexander, 2004, The Business Model Ontology, University De Lausanne, viewed 14 November 2004, from https://www.hec.unil.ch/aosterwa/PhD/Osterwalder_PhD_BM_Ontology.pdf Jacobsen, Lauren, M., 2013, Starbucks Value Proposition, viewed July 26 2013, from https://joneeplayingthepoint.wordpress.com/tag/starbucks-value-proposition/ Kline, Daniel, 2015, The Long Tail Effect From Starbucks Holiday Drinks, viewed November 4 2015, from https://www.investopedia.com/stock-analysis/110415/long-tail-effect-starbucks-holiday-drinks-sbux-pnra.aspx Starbucks Digital Network (n.d), at https://www.starbucks.com/coffeehouse/wireless-internet/starbucks-digital-network

Blast Report free essay sample

Blast Report The case study I received was about a family of four that was experiencing symptoms of fever, abdominal cramping, and diarrhea. The children were affected more severely than the adults. It seems that the family consumed spoiled food considering that their fridge broke early in the day and they ate the food that was in there later on. My blast came up with a 99. 6% match with Salmonella typhimurium. This seems to be an accurate match considering the symptoms related with a Salmonella typhimurium infection. Salmonella causes gastroenteritis with symptoms f diarrhea, vomiting, fever, and abdominal pain with elderly people, children and pregnant women being at greatest risk of developing infection. This is consistent with the familys children having more severe symptoms. Symptoms typically last two to five days. S. typhimurium causes infection by invading the intestinal mucosa and multiplying in specialized vacuoles and then invading the liver and spleen where it causes systematic disease. We will write a custom essay sample on Blast Report or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page S. typhimurium enters the host orally through spoiled or undercooked meat and the incubation period is about 12 to 24 hours. It can also be transmitted through the fecal matter or contaminated water which can easily happen in poorly developed countries with poor waste management. Infection of S. typhimurium is highest in countries with poor sanitation but it can occur in any part of the world. The infection should clear up on its own for healthy individuals with access to clean water and food but if the infection spreads to the bloodstream, antibiotics will need to be taken. Transmission can be easily prevented by properly handling and cooking food, and by washing hands often. Since this family is therwise healthy and has access to clean food and water, they should be fine within a few days with no need for antibiotics. S. typhimurium is a rod shaped gram-negative bacterium. It is a facultative anaerobe so it does not require oxygen to survive. It is also motile via use of flagella. Unlike most Salmonella species, S. typhimurium does not ferment lactose. The citation I selected discusses the effect of the addition of nisin to current Salmonella antibiotics. Overuse and abuse of antibiotics has lead to a serious ongoing problem of antibiotic resistance.

Free Essays on Expert Systems - Theories

Theories What distinguish expert systems from other computer systems is that they give advice based on judgments. A very important part of the field therefore is the development of algorithms for reasoning under uncertainty. The tasks in the field consist of development and implementation of methods for decision support as well as construction of specific expert systems. Semiotics is the study of signs, symbols and signification, and is therefore the study of how meaning is created, encoded and understood. Computational semiotics is understood here to be the application of semiotic theories to computer systems and interactive digital media. Three possible aspects of this are: Â · The way in which meaning can be created by, encoded in, or understood by, the computer (using systems or techniques based upon semiotics). Â · The way in which meaning in interactive digital media is understood by the viewer or user (again using systems or techniques based upon semiotics). Â · The way in which semiotics can be used as the starting point for a system for looking critically at the content of interactive digital media. Large-scale expert systems have found widespread use. However, developers have found that the cost of maintaining a knowledge base, over its lifetime, can be as high as the initial cost of its development. One response is to use machine learning techniques to correct the knowledge base as problems emerge. Unfortunately, standard induction methods seem ill-suited to this task, as they are designed to use training data to construct a knowledge base from scratch, and the rate at which training data is generated by field users is typically too low to support regeneration of the knowledge base each time a revision is needed. As domain knowledge is available (in the form of the knowledge base), it makes sense to take advantage of this information (even if imperfect) to bias the induction process. Techniques for theory revision... Free Essays on Expert Systems - Theories Free Essays on Expert Systems - Theories Theories What distinguish expert systems from other computer systems is that they give advice based on judgments. A very important part of the field therefore is the development of algorithms for reasoning under uncertainty. The tasks in the field consist of development and implementation of methods for decision support as well as construction of specific expert systems. Semiotics is the study of signs, symbols and signification, and is therefore the study of how meaning is created, encoded and understood. Computational semiotics is understood here to be the application of semiotic theories to computer systems and interactive digital media. Three possible aspects of this are: Â · The way in which meaning can be created by, encoded in, or understood by, the computer (using systems or techniques based upon semiotics). Â · The way in which meaning in interactive digital media is understood by the viewer or user (again using systems or techniques based upon semiotics). Â · The way in which semiotics can be used as the starting point for a system for looking critically at the content of interactive digital media. Large-scale expert systems have found widespread use. However, developers have found that the cost of maintaining a knowledge base, over its lifetime, can be as high as the initial cost of its development. One response is to use machine learning techniques to correct the knowledge base as problems emerge. Unfortunately, standard induction methods seem ill-suited to this task, as they are designed to use training data to construct a knowledge base from scratch, and the rate at which training data is generated by field users is typically too low to support regeneration of the knowledge base each time a revision is needed. As domain knowledge is available (in the form of the knowledge base), it makes sense to take advantage of this information (even if imperfect) to bias the induction process. Techniques for theory revision...

Things we dont like Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Things we dont like - Research Paper Example The main issues that is of significant concern is the country’s economy. Over the past years, the government has been issuing economic report based on statistical elements that describe different economic trends such as economic growth, rate of unemployment, GDP growth, and interest rates. Although the government considers such statistic as the only tools of relaying economics information, such information is unconvincing and inconclusive. This is because economic reports are based on statistics that can only be understood by people who have economic knowledge (Shaw 643). On the other hand, the government does not indicate the validity or the credibility of such information. It is evident that majority of the people lack economic understanding and, therefore such information does not make sense at all. In addition, the government fails to give information on how such economic indicators relate to the real world. Such economic indicators fail to connect the actual situation wit h the theoretical aspect or to explain how things happen in the real world (Shaw 632). I consider it hypocritical to have statistics stating that the country is experiencing an economic growth while the cost of living is increasing constantly. Authorities are prone to giving inconclusive information on issues that affects the public. Government reports are filled with generalizations that do not replicate to the actual situation in the ground. I am concerned about when the authorities will learn to give out credible information that captures and explain the real situation and real happenings. For instance, the weather department is charged with the responsibility of directing the public on matters related to weather patterns and changes. However, the department never issues any concrete information on the area of their responsibility. The public needs to have precise information about the weather. However, the responsible department

Finance assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Finance assignment - Essay Example s is used for production scheduling; number of set-ups is also used for setting up activity; and number of direct labour hours is used for other indirect cost since case facts required cost river for â€Å"other indirect cost† to be the % proportion that they represent relative to the best of the indirect cost. This researcher has interpreted that the best basis is still the number of direct labour hours in the absence of other cost driver that could be used for other indirect cost. In applying the ABC approach for Agostino plc, there was a need to get first the estimated number cost driver units and the estimated share of activities from the unallocated total direct cost. The estimated number of cost driver units was based on the given total annual activity data which can be assumed to stay constant for next year from the three distinct services provided by the company. The data is as summarized in Table I below: It may be observed from above about the need to identify the services for purpose of applying ABC for Agostino plc. It may be further observed that the real issue on the use of ABC costing in on how to have a more rational basis of allocation for purposes of enhancing control on the indirect cost of rendering service (Roztocki, N., 1999; Saldarini, K., 2000). With control comes responsibility for the behaviour of the cost of services. With responsibility for cost comes the responsibility for profits of important departments or components of the organization which render the various laundry services by Agostino plc. After getting the cost driver rate, the same could now be multiplied with the actual cost number driver units. Since the case facts do not appear to have provided the actual number of cost driver units, this paper made use of the forecasted level of activity for next years for the three kinds of services and assume the same to be actual. The process resulted to allocation of the total actual indirect costs based on activities identified

Different users of financial statements have different informational needs

Different users of financial statements have different informational needs Financial statements form the backbone of communicating the information about the company to the members within and outside the organization. According to International Accounting Standards (IAS 1.9) The objective of general purpose financial statements is to provide information about the financial position, financial performance, and cash flows of an entity that is useful to a wide range of users in making economic decisions. (Deloitte Global Services Limited, 2010).Owing to the wide variety of users of this information and that of the structure of business entities, there are different types of financial statements. Users refer to them from time to time in order to make correct economic decisions. Depending upon the type of information provided by them, financial statements are categorized in 4 types viz. balance sheets, income statement, statement of cash flow and the statement of equity. A Balance Sheet gives the financial position of the entity by considering its assets, liabilities and equity at a given time. It follows the accounting equation where assets equal capital plus liabilities. An Income Statement, also known as the Profit Loss account of an entity, reports the income, expenses and profits of the entity over a period of time. Statement of Cash flow reports the changes in cash position. It informs about the operating activities like money received from customers or paid to suppliers, investment activities that include acquiring or selling different long-term assets that are not considered to be cash, interests or dividends that are paid or received or financial activities which change the capital of an entity. (Deloitte Global Services Limited, 2010).The Statemen t of Equity gives information about the total comprehensive income of the entity over a period while separately stating the amount attributable to the owner (Wheetman P, 2006). For large organizations, such statements are quite complex and it may be necessary to provide notes that explain the items on the financial statement. They also provide information about the basis on which financial statements are prepared and any other information that may be relevant but cannot be stated in the financial statements directly. Such notes form an integral part of the statement. According to the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) Financial reports are prepared for users who have a reasonable knowledge of business and economic activities and who review and analyse the information with diligence.(Deloitte Global Services Limited, 2010).Depending upon their role in the organization, different type of information is used by different users. The users of financial statements include a wide range of people including owners, investors, creditors, management, employees, vendors, public as well as institutions like banks, government organizations etc. They can be briefly classified into two categories namely the Internal Users and External Users. The employees along with the managers and the owners form the Internal User group. Owners use financial statements to access the performance, efficiency of the management, also to measure the performance of the business entity. Management, being directly related with the day to day working of the business ent ity, enjoys unrestricted access to the wide range of information (much of which is confidential in nature). It is then utilised by managers to make analysis, judgements and decisions pertaining to their responsibilities. It makes proper utilization of resources in order to meet the objectives of the entity. A separate form of accounting called Management Accounting has come into existence due to broad nature of this group of users and the high quality of information that is available to them. Employees form the other part of this group. They use the information from financial statements to determine their job security. It is also helpful in analysing the ability of their employers to provide remunerations, pay rise, pension funds and retirement benefits etc to the employees. This information is sometimes provided in form of special reports to employees as the annual reports are published late. However such information provided may be verified by the employees using the financial sta tements. The External Users of financial statements consist of investors, trade creditors, Government, financial institutions like Banks, customers etc. The financial statements are used by the existing investors to access the financial strength of the company, its economic stability, to make decisions whether to buy, sell or hold the stock depending upon the ability of the entity to pay dividends in future, to compare the performance of the entity over a period of time or with other entities in order to make investment decisions etc. It also helps investors to determine the risk factor and the investment returns over a particular period and compare the same with other entities. Institutional investors, for e.g. Insurance companies, pension funds or equity analysts that guide private investors make use of this information to ascertain the liquidity of the business and its ability to pay future dividends. Prospective investors may use the information to make valuable economic investment decisi ons. Financial institutions like Banks make use cash flow statements to determine whether to help them with working capital by issuing loans or if their loans would be paid along with the interest. Financial lenders use this information to determine the economic vulnerability of the business and its results. They may impose restrictions to limit overall borrowing limits called loan covenants. These are then verified through financial statements. Trade creditors provide services or goods on credit. They are called as unsecured creditors as they come last in the payments in case of failure of the business. They therefore make use of the information to ensure the repayment of services and calculate the non-payment risks. Government makes use of the financial statements to keep a tab on the taxes paid by the business entity and make sure that they are in accordance with the profits earned. They have a right to demand more information than that which appears in public statements. Other governm ent agencies also use accounting information to ascertain that the consumers are charged properly by organizations for their services.eg: OFGEM (the Office of Gas and Electricity Markets).Customers need information about the current and future supply of goods and services. Financial statements in form of fixed assets, working capital confirm the ability of the business to meet the current and future obligations like guarantees or warrantees. (Weetman P, 2006). Accounting statements provide financial information for the user which is to be used for decision making. International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) Framework identifies comparability, verifiability, timeliness and understandability as the qualitative characteristics that enhance the usefulness of information provided in the financial statements. (Deloitte Global Services Limited, 2010). According to this Framework general purpose financial statements are prepared which can help all users. However it is evident that different users require different kind of information to make decisions. Also the general financial statements and reports are prepared keeping in focus the interests of the owners or investors. Moreover management tends to modify the information keeping in mind the behaviour of the investors. This often results in the entity being over or under-priced and thus information loses its reliability and trustworthiness. To increase the decision useful financial information, the International Accounting Standards Board and the US Financial Accounting Standards Board (hereafter the Boards) are undertaking a joint project to develop a common conceptual framework with new and revised accounting standards that both the boards can use. The Boards have proposed to reconfigure the financial statements by partitioning each financial statement in five categories viz. business activities, financing activities, income taxes, discontinued operations, and equity. The allocations of these transactions would be done by management. They propose that the objective of financial reporting should be on decision useful information. The management approach would then subsume stewardship. The allocation of the transaction within the above stated partitions would be based on the assessment of the management. There is no doubt that objective of segregating the financial statement would help the investors and creditors in jud gements and decision making. (Bradshaw, M., Callahan, C. et al June 2010).However the objective of a financial statement should not be merely influencing the buying, selling and holding companys securities. The role of stewardship also has to be considered as it informs about the financial positions of the past and the current dates. It would not only keep the performance of management under vigil but the past records would also help in identifying the similar re-occurrences of such circumstances. Also importance is given to management approach whereas the very same managers are believed to report biased accruals. (Bradshaw, M., Callahan, C. et al June 2010). Hence financial reporting should not only be done with the management approach but also keeping in mind the importance of the objective of stewardship. Also guidance is to be specified about the level of details to be given in financial statements which would unlikely be provided by the managers. The framework and standards should be based to provide unbiased, faithful information to the users in order to make cost-effective economic decisions. REFERENCES Bradshaw, M., Callahan, C. et al (June 2010). The American Accounting Associations Financial Reporting Policy Committees Response to the Preliminary Views on Financial Statement Presentation. Accounting Horizons. 24 (2), pp 279-296. Business Source Premier. Available at http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=buhAN=51362791site=bsi-live (Accessed: 11 November 2010). Deloitte Global Services Limited. (2010). Summaries of International Financial Reporting Standards. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR FINANCIAL REPORTING Available: http://www.iasplus.com/standard/framewk.htm. (Accessed: 11 November 2010). Deloitte Global Services Limited. (2010). Summaries of International Financial Reporting Standards.IAS 7 STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS. Available at http://www.iasplus.com/standard/ias07.htm. (Accessed: 14 November, 2010). Weetman, P (2006). Financial and Management Accounting-An Introduction. 4th ed. Harlow: Prentice Hall. 12-16.

Environmental Protection and Sustainability

Introduction In the past 25 years, international passenger aviation has experienced a threefold increase. It is expected that the aviation sector will continue to see similar growth over the next 25 years (Walker & Cook, 2009). Due to the rapid expansion of the aviation sector, there has been a growing concern for environmental issues in airline operations, especially in terms of energy and environmental sustainability (Agarwal, 2010). The focus on sustainability and environmental protection is due to the environmental consequences of contemporary aviation, especially the contribution of aviation to global climate change (Upham, 2003). With the recognition of the harmful effects of aviation on the environment, experts predict that â€Å"environmental factors will increasingly limit the expansion of air travel and the social benefit that it brings† (Green, 2003, p.281). Meridiana concurs that it is important to consider sustainability and environmental protection in aviation. It recognises the importance of green aviation and puts a lot of value on protecting the environment. In line with this, the company manages its activities in compliance with national and EU environmental regulations. As proof of its commitment, it has been awarded certification of its Quality System in compliance with UNI EN ISO 9001:2008 regulation for air quality. SGS Italia SpA has certified the compliance of the company’s activities involving the design and supply of services on board of domestic, international, and intercontinental flights (Meridiana, 2009). Recently, Meridiana joined the Association of European Airlines (AEA), which represents Europe’s major airlines. The AEA influences its members at the industry and institutional level in order to achieve goals that benefit the airline industry. One of the main thrusts of the AEA is to shape a more sustainable and competitive arena (AEA, 2013). Meridiana’s membership in the AEA shows that it is committed towards achi eving sustainability in the aviation sector. Marketing Mix Despite its success in some areas of the domestic market, the company has experienced heavy losses in recent years. With its ageing fleet, subscale international network, and its dependence in the domestic market, the company is facing very stiff competition from some of Europe’s leading low cost carriers (CAPA, 2013). Taking these into consideration, Meridiana has to improve its current marketing mix in order to increase sales and remain competitive. Effective marketing strategies can have a significant influence on society; thus, it is important for the company to apply the appropriate marketing mix to achieve their objectives.ProductMeridiana’s major strength is its competitively priced business class seats for long haul destinations, targeted at leisure travellers. As a medium service carrier, it offers elements of both full service and low cost carrier. For example, it provides food and drinks like full service carriers but its price range is comparable to low cost airlines. Meridiana should utilise this mix and use it as a competitive advantage. The airline needs to focus on its domestic flights and its short/medium haul destinations in Europe. The current marketing strategy fails to reach out to the business community. Their marketing strategy should emphasise services for both holiday/leisure and business purposes. The company should target SMEs and become the airline of choice for small and medium-sized companies. This can be done by offering discounts and incentives for companies who want to purchase multiple seats or flights.PriceMeridiana needs to use a competitive pricing scheme to attract customers. Its price point should be not too high from low cost carriers, but lower than traditional networked airlines. Although low cost carriers have lower prices, Meridiana should differentiate its slightly higher price point by offering better customer service. The aim is to have a mid-range price point, which can attract middle class consumers and SMEs.PlaceMeridiana has been highly successful in Sardinia and Sicily. The company should replicate its success by building stronger presence in other parts of Italy and in key international airline hubs such as London, Dubai, Beijing, Singapore, Narita, Paris, and New York. This can be achieved by improving airport check-in services and making their internet reservations website more attractive and easy to use.PromotionAs a hybrid airline, Meridiana operates both as a low cost carrier and a network airline (Sansonetti, 2010). It needs to be highly competitive by keeping it unit costs down. This can be achieved by enhancing its internet and social media channels. Meridiana should upgrade its website to make it more attractive and user-friendly. It should improve its tie-ups with hotels, resorts, car rentals, and other tourist services to attract more customers.PeopleMeridiana should improve its services to customers in order to attract more consumers and gain more customer loya lty. Excellent customer service can be a competitive edge, especially when low cost carriers offer cheaper rates. Meridiana should also highlight their people and the value of customer service in their marketing strategies.ProcessMeridiana should ensure that its online reservations are always efficient and that customers can easily access the airline through phone or email. The airline’s systems should be designed for the benefit of customers. Physical Evidence Meridiana should also ensure that its flights are always on time; its planes are spotless; and its service crew are highly efficient. Its check-in and guest lounges in airports should be clean and the services of both ground crew and in-flight staff should be excellent.Promotional MixMeridiana should focus on tapping customers from the mid-market socio-economic segment and business people, especially from SMEs. The elements of the promotional mix must integrate different strategies. It should use a combination of vario us promotional strategies, particularly, advertising, public relations, sales promotions, and internet/online promotions. The integration of different promotional tactics will aid in achieving a more successful result. Advertising should be enhanced in traditional channels such as television, print, and radio in order to target domestic consumers in areas where Meridiana is not the market leader (i.e. Milan, Turin, Naples, Marconi, Rome, and Verona). To increase presence in international markets, the airline should advertise in popular travel magazines and international cable channels (i.e. BBC, CNN, NHK, etc.). In terms of public relations, the airline should improve its relationship with Italian businesses and local government. It should also improve its public image by doing CSR activities and being more active in environmental protection. The company should emphasise their support for green aviation and sustainability in the airline industry. Meridiana should also launch sales p romotions on its ticket prices. It should conduct seat sales in which the flight fare is a fraction of its original price but customers can avail of the ticket only for a limited period. For example, the seat sale gives an 80% discount on ticket prices for 50 seats in the plane and the sale will be ongoing for 3-5 days only. Meridiana should also prioritise internet/online promotions and strengthen its social media presence. The airline should improve its advertisement and tie-ups with online travel sites such as Expedia, Kayak, and Orbitz. It should also effectively make use of social media sites such as Facebook and Twitter. Meridiana should advertise in these sites and encourage customer feedback through social media. The company can also utilise viral advertising by putting very creative and highly memorable adverts in YouTube or other video sharing sites. References Agarwal, R. (2010). Sustainable (Green) Aviation: Challenges and Opportunities. SAE International Journal of Aerospace. 2(1), p.1-20. Anna Aero. (2013). Meridiana fly and Air Italy complete merger, as Meridiana turns 50 under new CEO; combined fleet shrinks for S13. Available: http://www.anna.aero/2013/06/19/meridiana-fly-and-air-italy-complete-merger-as-meridiana-turns-50-under-new-ceo/. Last accessed 12th January 2014. Association of European Airlines (AEA). 2013). AEA welcomes Meridiana as new airline member. Available: http://files.aea.be/News/PR/Pr13-036.pdf. Last accessed 15th January 2014. CAPA Centre for Aviation. (2013). Meridiana: how to escape the impact of loss-making Italian airlinesAvailable: http://centreforaviation.com/analysis/meridiana-how-to-escape-the-impact-of-loss-making-italian-airlines-120241. Last accessed 12th January 2014. Chartered Institute of Marketing (CIM). (2013). Marketing and the 7Ps: A brief summary of marketing and how it works. Available: http:// www.cim.co.uk/files/7ps.pdf. Last accessed 12th January 2014. Cooper. C et al. (2013). Tourism: Principles & Practice 5th edition. London: FT Prentiss Hall Denton, N & Dennis, N. (2000). Airline franchising in Europe: benefits and disbenefits to airlines and consumers. Journal of Air Transport Management. 6(4), p.179-190. Green, JE. (2003). Civil aviation and the environmental challenge. The Aeronautical Journal. p.281-299 McCabe, S. (2009). Marketing Communications in Tourism and Hospitality: Concepts, Strategies and Cases. Amsterdam: Butterworth Heinemann Meridiana. (2009). Meridiana Group Ethical Code. Available: https://www.meridiana.it/cms/deploy/1/IGGJ_Documenti/IT/Codiceetico/MeridianaGroupEthicalCode.pdf. Last accessed 12th January 2014. Meridiana. (2014). About us. Available: https://www.meridiana.it/en/company_informations/Company_AirItaly_quality.aspx. Last accessed 12th January 2014. Middleton, V. (2009). Marketing in travel and tourism. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann San sonetti, A. (2010). The European Airlines Transformation: Hypercompetitive and Long Tail Effects. MCIS Proceedings. Paper 76. http://aisel.aisnet.org/mcis2010/76 Upham, P. (2003). Towards Sustainable Aviation. London: Earthscan Publications Ltd Walker, S & Cook, M. (2009). The contested concept of sustainable aviation. Sustainable Development. 17(6), p.378-390